As finanças do tráfico de pessoas e sua investigação
o caso do Reino Unido (RU)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56081/2763-9940/revsusp.v1n1.a13Palavras-chave:
crime organizado, Reino Unido, tráfico de seres humanos.Resumo
O governo britânico afirmou sua determinação em lidar com as finanças do crime organizado, inclusive as finanças do tráfico de seres humanos, através de lidar com “os lucros ilegais substanciais dos traficantes”, “atacando o lucro de traficantes e escravagistas através de maior apreensão de bens e investigação financeira” (HM GOVERNMENT, 2015, p. 22) e tomando medidas para assegurar que a escravidão moderna não recompense os autores do crime. O propósito deste artigo, que é baseado em diversas fontes que incluem entrevista com agentes policiais e outros especialistas, relatórios de inteligência da polícia britânica e fontes abertas, é prover observações iniciais sobre a questão da investigação financeira de traficantes de seres humanos no Reino Unido e avaliar o quanto a intenção de combate ao tráfico de pessoas declarada pelo governo britânico está sendo realizada de fato.
Referências
ANTONOPOULOS, G.A., Baratto, G., Di Nicola, A., Diba, P., Martini, E., Papanicolaou, G. & Terenghi, F. (2020) Technology in Human Smuggling and Trafficking. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
ANTONOPOULOS, G.A. & Hall, A. (2016) ‘The Financial Management of the Illicit To bacco Trade in the United Kingdom’, British Journal of Criminology, 56(4), 709-728.
ANTONOPOULOS, G.A. & Papanicolaou, G. (2018) Organised Crime. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ATMG (Anti-Trafficking Monitoring Group) (2013) In the Dock: Examining the UK’s Criminal Justice Response to Trafficking. London: ATMG.
BEELS, M. (2017) Preventing Labour Exploitation. Warwick Papers in Industrial Relations n.107. Coventry: University of Warwick.
BELSER, P. (2005) Forced Labor and Human Trafficking: Estimating the Profits Working Paper 42. Geneva: International Labor Office.
BROAD, R. (2013) Stuck in Traffic: A Study of Individuals Convicted for Human Trafficking Offences Through the UK Criminal Justice System. Doctoral thesis, School of Law, University of Manchester.
BROWN, R., Evans, E., Webb, S., Holdaway, S. Berry, G., Chenery, S. Gresty, B. and Jones, M. (2012) The Contribution of Financial Investigation to Tackling Organised Crime: A Qualitative Study. Research Report 65 London: Home Office.
BULLOCK, K. (2014) ‘Criminal Benefit, the Confiscation Order and the Post-Convition Confiscation Regime’, Crime, Law and Social Change, 62(1), 45-64.
DUBOURG, R., & Prichard, S. (2008). Organised crime: revenues, economic and social costs, and criminal assets available for seizure. London: Home Office.
GLA (2014) GLA Annual Report and Accounts, 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2014. Nottingham: GLA.
GLA (2015) GLA Annual Report and Accounts, 1 April 2014 to 31 March 2015. Nottingham: GLA.
GLA (2016a) GLA Annual Report and Accounts, 1 April 2015 to 31 March 2016. Nottingham: GLA.
GLA (2016b) ‘Horse trading’. Available online at: https://www.youtube.com/wach?-v=k-I5EtcewdM.
HOME OFFICE (2008) ‘Major Police Probe into Trafficking Lead to 528 Arrests’, Home Office News Release, 124/2008.
HOME OFFICE (2014) Review of the National Referral Mechanism for Victims of Human Trafficking. London: Home Office.
HUTTON, S. (2017) Organised Crime: An Ethnographic Study of the Monitoring and Disrupting of those Designated as High-Level ‘Organised Criminals’ Within the Metro- politan Police. Unpublished PhD thesis, Open University.
KOPP, P. (2012) ‘Human Trafficking and International Financial Flows’. In Reuter, P. (Ed.) Draining Development: Controlling Flow of Illicit Funds from Developing Countries. (pp.171-202) Washington, DC: World Bank Press.
MAXWELL, N.J. and Artingstall, D. (2017) The Role of Financial Information-Sharing Partnerships in the Disruption of Crime. RUSI Occasional Paper. London: RUSI.
MILLS, H., Skodbo, S., & Blyth, P. (2013) Understanding organ¬ised crime: estimating the scale and the social and eco¬nomic costs. London: Home Office
NCA (2015a) NCA Strategic Assessment: The Nature and Scale of Human Trafficking in 2014. London: NCA.
NCA (2015b) Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs), Annual Report 2015. Available online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/publications/suspicious-activity-reports-sars /677-sars-annual-report-2015/file.
NCA (2016) National Strategic Assessment of Serious and Organised Crime 2016. Avai- lable online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/publications/731-national-strate- gic-assessment-of-serious-and-organised-crime-2016/file.
NCA (2017a) Human Trafficking: National Referral Mechanism Statistics - End of Year Summary 2016. Available online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/publications/national-referral-mechanism-statistics/788-national-referral-mechanism- statistics-end-of- year-summary-2016/file.
NCA (2017b) National Referral Mechanism (NRM). Available online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/about-us/what-we-do/specialist-capabilities/uk-human-trafficking-centre/national-referral-mechanism.
NCA (2017c) National Strategic Assessment of Serious and Organised Crime 2017. Availa-ble online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/publications/807-national-strategic-assessment-of-serious and-organised-crime-2017/file.
NCA (2017d) Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) Annual Report 2017. Available online at: http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/publications/suspicious-activity-reports- -sars/826-suspicious-activity-reports-annual-report-2017/file.
NPIA (2013) Annual Report and Accounts 2012/2013. London: The Stationery Office.
SCDEA (2011) Human Trafficking Intelligence Assessment Summary. Paisley: SCDEA.
SPROAT, P. (2012) ‘A Critique of the Official Discourse on Drug and Sex Trafficking by Organised Crime Using Data on Asset Recovery’, Journal of Financial Crime, 19(2), 149- 162.
SURTEES, R. (2008) ‘Traffickers and trafficking in Southern and Eastern Europe. Consi- dering the other side of human trafficking’, European Journal of Criminology, 5, 39–68.
WEBB, S. and Burrows, J. (2009) Organised Immigration Crime: A Post-Conviction Study. Research Report 15. London: Home Office.
WEITZER, R. (2015) ‘Human Trafficking and Contemporary Slavery’, Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 223-242.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista do Sistema Único de Segurança Pública
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.